How about the photovoltaic pipeline earthquake-resistant bracket

What is an example of performance based earthquake engineering?

For example, in earliest work on performance-based earthquake engineering (though long before that label came into use), Czarnecki (1973) estimated damage to the Bank of California Building in the 1971 San Fernando earthquake to be 1.7% structural, 18.3% partitions, 12.2% glass, and 0.2% other.

How much would a stronger earthquake design cost?

Stricter earthquake design requirements could save $4.3 billion for every year of new construction in which the United States builds stronger, stiffer buildings where it is cost-effective to do so, at a cost of $1.2 billion, considering a wide variety of benefits.

How effective are earthquake protection technologies?

The effectiveness of these technologies in protecting structural elements and non-structural components under seismic action has been proven by many theoretical and numerical studies in the literature, shake-table test results, as well as by experimental evidence on how they actually behaved during real earthquakes.

What does “new buildings in earthquakes” mean?

The line “new buildings in earthquakes” is a theoretical value based on the estimated long-term collapse rate of new buildings in the future. The long-term average includes many deaths in large, rare earthquakes, which are absent from California’s recent (in geological terms) experience.

Does California have an earthquake investment gap?

By this measure, California leads the nation in earthquake risk. Its earthquakes cost the populace $3.7 billion annually on a long-term average basis. California spends only $1.4 billion annually to resist earthquake loads. The difference suggests a large investment gap ( FEMA, 2017 ). So an earthquake investment gap probably exists.

Can a viscous-hysteretic hybrid damping system be used for earthquake control?

Finally, in the paper by Hashizume and Takewaki, a new viscous-hysteretic hybrid (HVH) damping system is proposed for seismic control against long-period pulse-type earthquake ground motions of large amplitude. The proposed system includes a viscous damper and a hysteretic damper with a gap mechanism in parallel.